Impact On Computed Radiography With The Advent of Digital Radiography

Computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR) are rapidly replacing screen-film imaging systems in many countries. Both are similar in technology except for the image receptor. CR uses photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates which must be transported to a digital scanner (or reader) and scanned with a laser beam to convert the stored image to a digital array. DR uses a solid-state detector, or a combination of a light emitting phosphor and a digital converter, which produces digital array and image.

All other aspects of these two technologies are similar including the computer processing of the digital image, transmission and display of the digital image, and digital image storage. These systems rely on picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) for transmission and storage of the digital images.

Digital images are used throughout radiology. They appear as computed radiography, digital radiography, fluoroscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, ultrasound, mammography, nuclear medicine images. Unlike film images, whose contrast, speed, and latitude are fixed during processing, the appearance of digital images can be altered after they have been recorded and stored. The advantages of digital imaging include the ability to adjust the contrast after the image has been recorded, to process the image to emphasise important features, and to transfer the images to a remote site.

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Computed Radiography (CR):-

CR is a “cassette-based” system that uses a special solid-state detector plate instead of a film inside a cassette. The exterior dimensions and appearance of the CR cassette are the same as those of a conventional film cassette. The CR cassette is placed in the Bucky tray and exposed in the same manner as a conventional film cassette. The contrast resolution of CR is superior to that of conventional film/screen systems. The CR cassette contains a solid-state plate called a photostimulable storage phosphor imaging plate (PSP) that responds to radiation by trapping energy in the locations where the X-rays strike. CR plates and cassettes can be reused many thousands of times.

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Digital Radiography (DR):-

DR is used to describe images which are recorded on an electronically readable device that is hard-wired directly to the computer processing system. The detectors and sensors of a DR system are contained inside a rigid protective housing. DR uses an array of small solid state detectors to convert incident X-ray photons to directly form the digital image. The major advantage of the DR system is that no handling of a cassette is required as this is a “cassette-less” system. There are two forms of DR systems: one uses a linear array of detectors, which sweeps across the area to be imaged, the other has an array of detectors formed into a matrix.

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